White+Blood+Cells+-+TH

=Introduction= toc

Everything that needs protection from sources of danger have layers of defense to them. Whether a building like the White House has a gate around it and then security officers to get past before you enter, there are layers of protection for the human body that protect it before viruses enter. The defense of the body is a team of white blood cells in the immune system trying to stop virus from getting the body sick. The white blood cell has specific structures that help protect against illnesses that invade the body. Perhaps the most important job of the white blood cell is to protect against life threatening diseases.

=Function of the White Blood Cell=

Much like our school is lucky to have Security Officers to protect our school from outside dangers, our body is lucky to have white blood cells to protect us from viruses that may enter the body. The job of the white blood cell is prevent the virus from getting the body sick. If the white blood cell was not a part of the human body, people would get sick a lot more. The white blood cells work together and attempt to kill viruses by eating them. ("Blood" [HH:MM:SS]) To work together to kill viruses there is a process that takes place. First, the virus enters the human body. At this point particles are taken in by macrophages which are immune system cells that destroy particles of the virus. Others particles of the virus affect body cells. After that, helper T cells recognize the virus and take action with T cells and B cells. A T cell is an immune system cell that attacks infected cells. B cells are white blood cells that make antibodies. Antibodies are proteins made by B cells that attach to viruses to help destroy them. The next step is helper T cells release substances that help the production of antibodies to fight against the viruses. In order to stop the virus from growing, killer T cells are going to try to destroy the virus. This happens by B cells being activated which helps create antibodies to fight the illness. (Allen et al.) The final part of the fight against the virus is antibodies try to attach to the virus to kill them and get right of the illness In order for the white blood cell to carry out these functions there are specific structures of need to do their job.

Flow Chart for White Blood Cells response to a virus invading the body


 * 1 → Virus enters the body. ||


 * 2 → Helper T cell recognize the virus. There are 2 responses (T cell and a B cell). ||


 * 3 → Helper T cells active killer T cells. ||


 * 4 → Killer T cells destroy infected cells ||


 * 5 → Helper T Cells activate B Cells. ||


 * 6 → Antibodies attach to the viruses which cause the viruses to come together. ||

= **Structure of the White Blood Cell** =




 * White blood cell with pseudopods that attach to viruses and destroy them. ||

White blood cells are much like a plant or animal cell they both have nucleus ,and membranes. They also have a food particle and a food vacuole along with other parts which the plant and animal cell have.White blood cells are larger than red blood cells, but red blood cells have a lot more of themselves than white blood cells but size is better for the white blood cells because they need to eat bacteria. In the human body there is one white blood cell for every to 500 to 1000 red blood cells. The lifespan for a white blood cell is as short as a few months to as long as a year. This all depends on how often the body needs white blood cells to fight against sickness. White blood cells are able to change their form to stop viruses and not let them attack on the body to let them get sick. (Burnie) White blood cells are able to flatten itself to squeeze through the lining of small blood vessels ,but they do not do it alone. They use a thing called Pseudopods and antibodies we already know what antibodies are. (Burnie) Pseudopods are covered in a glue like chemical that allows bacteria to stick to them when they come in contact with bacteria, but at times white blood cells fail and diseases occur.

=Real Life Connections=

There are many diseases that white blood cells defeat. Much Like how the Patriots have beaten everyone in their path, they are not perfect. They lost two times, just like there is a disease that can defeat white blood cells. The name of that is AIDS/HIV. AIDS is the disease that is caused by viruses attacking the human immune system.  ("IMMUNE SYSTEM" [HH:MM:SS]). The virus that causes AIDS is HIV. HIV is a disease that attacks the human immune system and destroys T-cells.  (Padilla et al. [Page #150) T-cells are the thing that creates antibodies. Those make sure that the virus doesn't come back and try to get the person sick. As the virus spreads, T cells are destroyed at a faster rate. This hurts the strength of white blood cells and their ability to fight the disease. As a result, the disease spreads and infected people get sick quicker. In fact, this disease is spreading fast because According to Human Biology and Health textbook page 150, “More than 40 million people in the world, including more than 3 million children under 15, are infected with HIV.”But the Patriots are in the super bowl and the Seahawks aren't so it is a toss up.

=Conclusion=

Championship teams are built by a great line of defense. A healthy body starts with the white blood cells which are one of the biggest parts of the immune system. Their job is making sure virus don’t get you sick. They use their structure such as pseudopods to capture bacteria and kill it. Everyday the immune system works to defeat viruses just like our security officers at Silas Deane Middle School work to keep out invaders that can cause danger to the school.

=For More Information=

http:www.brainpop.com/health/bodysystems/immunesystem/

=Sources=

Allen, Katy Z., et al. Human Body Systems and Health. Orlando, Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, 2005.

“Blood.” BrainPOP, www.brainpop.com/health/bodysystems/blood/. Accessed 30 Jan. 2017.

Burnie, David. Microlife. New York, DK Pub., 1997.

“IMMUNE SYSTEM.” BrainPOP, //www.brainpop.com/health/bodysystems/immunesystem/.

Padilla, Michael J., et al. Prentice Hall Science Explorer. Boston, Pearson Prentice Hall, 2007.

Silverstein, Alvin, and Virginia Silverstein. “Blood.” The New Book of Knowledge. Scholastic Grolier Online, nbk.grolier.com/ncpage?tn=/encyc/article.html&id=a2003020-h&type=0ta. Accessed 30 Jan. 2017.

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