Bacteria+-+TR

=Introduction= toc There might have been a time that you missed out on something you were really looking forward to because you were sick! Bacteria may have caused this misery. But, bacteria are mostly good. They help you digest your food by eating it. Bacteria need some features to do this though. They also need features to reproduce in order to help you eat. But, the bad bacteria are the ones that make you sick.

=Reproduction= Some bacteria can double their numbers in 20 minutes! Most bacteria cells produce with binary fission which is when the “parent” cell clones itself. Other cells produce with conjugation. This is when two cells exchange DNA through a long, threadlike tube. The “mother” cell becomes “pregnant”. The “newborn” cell has a mix of the two “parent” cell's’ DNA. Similar to humans, bacteria can pass certain traits to their “kids”. For example, some bacteria are resistant to antibiotics. __World book student__ says that A “parent” cell can pass this trait onto their “kids” (bacteria). According to the book __From Bacteria to Plants__, conjugation does not increase the number of newborn bacteria at that time, but, it does make sure that the “newborn” cell does not have the exact same DNA as the “mother” cell (Padilla et al 52). Bacteria cells have some special features that help them with conjugation, such as the pili.

media type="youtube" key="j8_xoM8Wwgs" width="504" height="283" align="center"

[|__https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j8_xoM8Wwgs__]

=Bacteria: friend or foe?= Some bacteria can double their numbers in 20 minutes! Most bacteria cells produce with binary fission which is when the “parent” cell clones itself. Other cells produce with conjugation. This is when two cells exchange DNA through a long, threadlike tube. The “mother” cell becomes “pregnant”. The “newborn” cell has a mix of the two “parent” cell's’ DNA. Similar to humans, bacteria can pass certain traits to their “kids”. For example, some bacteria are resistant to antibiotics. __World book student__ says that A “parent” cell can pass this trait onto their “kids” (bacteria). According to the book __From Bacteria to Plants__, conjugation does not increase the number of newborn bacteria at that time, but, it does make sure that the “newborn” cell does not have the exact same DNA as the “mother” cell (Padilla et al 52). Bacteria cells have some special features that help them with conjugation, such as the pili = = =The structure of a bacteria cell= The pili is like a telephone wire transporting information quickly from one place to another. The pili does this when it transports the DNA from one Bacteria cell to the other in order to produce a newborn cell.The pili is just one of the features that help bacteria survive. Another feature is the Flagellum. According to __Micro life__ The whip like Flagellum help bacteria to move by whipping in circles. Flagellum help bacteria cells move to get food. Flagellum can also help bad bacteria carry give people diseases

 In this picture you can see structures such as the flagellum and pili.

[|__http://go.grolier.com/__]

=Conclusion= When you think of bacteria you probably think about that time you were sick. But the fact of the matter is that you have more than 100 trillion bacteria inside you right now! Don't worry, these bacteria are helping you digest your food. They eat all the food you can't digest on your own. Without bacteria cows wouldn't be able to eat grass! Bacteria are also used in making your food. Foods like pickles, cheese, and soy sauce are all made using bacteria. Most bacteria are friends but the ones that are not are pathogenic which are the ones that give us diseases like strep throat and tuberculosis.

=References=

Works Cited “Bacteria.” https://www.brainpop.com/science/diversityoflife/bacteria/, Brainpop, 2017, www.brainpop.com/science/diversityoflife/bacteria/. Accessed 30 Jan. 2017. “Bacterial Cell.” Cells Alive, James A. Sullivan, 2015, www.cellsalive.com/cells/bactcell.htm. Accessed 30 Jan. 2017. Burnie, David. Microlife. New York, DK Pub., 1997. Coolidge-Stolz, Elizabeth, et al. Human Biology and Health. Boston, Pearson, 2009. Holt Science and Technology: Short Courses. Austin, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2007. Nicholas Jakob. “Feeding the Beast: How Germs Eat for You .” ASU - Ask A Biologist. 22 Apr 2014. ASU - Ask A Biologist, Web. 28 Jan 2017. http://askabiologist.asu.edu/plosable/gut-microbiota Olsen, Gary J. “Bacteria.” World Book Student. World Book, 2017. Web. 30 Jan. 2017. Padilla, Michael J. Prentice Hall Science Explorer. Teacher’s ed., Needham, Pearson Prentice Hall, 2005. Sommer, Cynthia V. “Bacteria.” The New Book of Knowledge. Scholastic Grolier Online, nbk.grolier.com/ncpage?tn=/encyc/article.html&id=a2002010-h&type=0ta. Accessed 30 Jan. 2017.