Neurons+-+HO

= Introduction = toc Neurons are the cell that let you communicate with people and the world. Neurons help you to react to stimuli,in the environment like sound,feeling,and seeing. There are different types of neurons. **Sensory** **neurons** and they pick up what is going on around you. **Interneurons** make you realize what’s happening.**Motor neurons** let you respond what was going on around you. If your neurons dont work then you would have a hard time living each day because you wouldn’t be able to communicate.

= Structures of a Neuron = A neuron is a cell that carries information through your nervous system. The neuron structure unables it to bring nerve impulses. Neurons have a large cell body that has nucleus, nucleus has thin extensions called **dendrites**,and axons. The dendrites bring the impulses to the cell body. Axons bring the impulses away from the cell body.According to the science textbook Human Biology and Health ,¨A neuron can have many dendrites,but it has only one axon.¨ What the this means is that neurons have many little dendrites around the cell body but there is only one axon that impulses away. Neurons contain other cells like nucleus and mitochondria



This diagram shows how the dendrites and axons work together and bring impulse to the cell body.This also shows that there is only one one axon but there are many dendrites that impulse through the axon. = Different types of Neurons = media type="youtube" key="uU_4uA6-zcE" width="340" height="193"

This video is about the different types of neurons like sensory neurons,interneurons, and motor neurons. There are three different types of neurons **sensory neurons interneurons,and motor neurons**. The sensory neurons picks up stimuli from the environment and the sound goes right to the ear. Interneurons is the sensory passes it to go to the brain and the interneurons make you realize what is going on. The motor neurons carry out what just happened and lets you respond to what happened. These are the types of neurons that are found in your body.



This diagram shows that the axon is a long stripe and the dendrites impulse through it but there are many dendrites and there is only one axon. The cell body is around the nucleus and protects the nucleus. = **How Messages are sent through Neurons** = The neurons send messages using pathways. The brain contains 100 million to 100 billion neurons. The nerve impulses begin with the dendrites of the neuron. The impulse moves downs the cell body and then down the axon until it reaches the axon tip. The nerve impulses can travel as fast at 120 meters a second. When the nerve impulse hits the axon it releases a chemical. The chemical carries the nerve impulse across the gap.

= **What are some Disease That Affect Neurons** = **Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)** is disease that disrupts signals to all the voluntary muscles. With ALS your upper and lower motor neurons are affected. Upper motor neurons send messages from the brain to the spinal cord and the lower motor neurons send messages from the spinal cord to the muscles. When some people have ALS they still have a sense of smell, sound,and feel. ALS cause the brain and spinal cord to shrink and disappear. Over time you become weaker eventually become paralyzed and when that happens you can’t move your muscles. ALS affects neurons because it does not allow the upper and lower neurons to do there job and let you respond to anything.

This picture shows the difference between a normal neuron to a neuron that has been destroyed by ALS.

= Conclusion =

Neurons keep you going all day and without them you would have a hard time communicating with people and the world. Neurons also help you react to things when you see, hear,and feel things. Those are important things that you need to live with everyday and without those things it would make your life very hard to do everyday things easy as getting out of bed.

= References =

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) | amyotrophic lateral sclerosisblogs.longwood.edu Bumas, E. (2004). Lou Gehrig’s Disease and Everyone Else’s. Southwest Review

How do nerves work? - Elliot Krane



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Parts of the Nerve Cell and Their FunctionsSilvia Helena Cardoso, Ph



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